Ultrasonic Directional Speaker

• Open source one:https://hackaday.io/project/9085/logs
• Probably first saw in "future weapons" as a military equipment for crowd control
• It uses the directional properties of ultrasound
  • Modulates and trick our ear of hearing it
  • Presumably can achieve a lot of interesting effects, like spatial sound

Example:

Alternative phones than mainstream

• It's more like a quirk than anything else
  • Using alternative platform might just make your life harder, a lot of time cost more, however it's a good learning process
• Source : https://itsfoss.com/open-source-alternatives-android/
  • https://www.tizen.org/ , Linux based, not fully tested ( security issue )
  • http://plasma-phone.org/, Linux KDE
  • https://postmarketos.org/, Linux based, not much info
  • https://www.pureos.net/, Linux based, seems more tested has PC version too
  • https://ubports.com/, Ubuntu linux based, has its own hardware
  • https://pivotce.com/tag/luneos/, WebOS successor
    • Remark: having used WebOS, the backthen web based top layer on kernal is very ahead of its time, that's probably why it failed
    • The hardware/software wasn't ready making the device taking too long to boot, however now you can see a lot of OS running its interface on browser like chromeOS
  • https://lineageos.org/, Android derivative
• Hardware: https://hackaday.io/project/42944-kite-open-hardware-android-smartphone
  • Kite: https://www.kiteboard.io/
    • A very interesting project as it focus on hardware , and not like common testbeds, it has most phone's function including cellular
    • Could be very good testbed for some android based design project

Takeaways - antinatalism

• As evolution imprinted in us, it's intuitive to just wave off the idea that having children might be bad
• However, it one truely care about suffering, this isn't a topic that could be dismissed without a careful thought process.
• I first learned about Prof. David Benatar in a very early Sam Harris podcast (however not the first time I had the idea, it's the first time that I hear a more structured argument about it and knowing that I'm not the only werido):

• Also newer debate/discussion with Cosmic Skeptic
  • There are much questions uncleared as some of the points are inheretly subjective
  • Also Prof. Benatar also said there's know "knock down argument" for antinatalism, which I totally agree, one can only lean towards it by observing the life status and examples around you
  • Even when people do not grant the problem of asymmetry, from my observation, even for people who won capitalism, their life (at least in public eye) don't seem like particularly lacking suffering (of course not in materialistic sense).
    • This gets to a mechanism of my speculation that has lead to this happening
    • We somehow evolved a mechanism like "compressor" (in audio processing sense, not data compression), that when we have some "good" experience, we experience "good" for that instance and only in that instance we feel that level of "good" and our system has raised the bar and next time when experience same level of "good", it's not as good, and level below that becomes suffering. And the "release time" parameter is super long some even life time.
      • Extreme example: drug (specifically about hard drug here), first few take of it (not first hand experience, but based on description) feels great, and over very short amount of time, the taking of that drug becomes necessity. Not taking the drug produce abstinence reaction which is extreme amount of suffering. Not the "good" become normal, and normal becomes suffering.
      • Not so extreme example: makeup, I've come across numerous ladies who says they can't look themselves in the mirror without makeup. When first time putting makeup, it's a raise of flourishing, yet our "compressor" raised the bar and now the with-makeup state becomes normal, and without makeup becomes suffering.
      • Common example: when suffering from starvation/sickness, the suffering is persistant, yet when the craving of fullness/wellness is fulfilled, the "wellfed" or "healthy" buff only last at most one day and then it becomes normal and people don't feel good anymore.
      • So even without asymmetry, life seems to contain more (at least perceived) suffering than flourishing. Adding the most chunk of life - boredom. The good analogy here is like what's mentioned in a previous podcast by CosmicSkeptic - "It's like a bad but not terrible movie, half way in, do you really want to leave now, probably not. But if knowing it's going to be like this would you come to the movie in the first place, also probably not "

Reading note - Prototype to Product - Continue 02

• CH2
  • P25 - Dev process [remark: this seems to be extremely lucky without any hassle]
    
  • P25 - Does This Make Sense? [remark: personal opinion, that people seems to always ignore a very big part - luck, if too fixated on whether it makes sense, might as well do nothing. So sometime just need to follow the passion, it's not that the idea makes sense that makes something survive, but doing something good because of passion draws people into the idea]
    • Not to say market/user research is not important, they are, but luck is also a big part
    • Limitation in reality in terms of resource is also a big factor in decision making
  • P38 - "look like" and "work like" [remark: back then Hay when doing concept art used similar word to describe concept art]
  • P39-42 [remark: seems it's a bit outdated, need to use all means necessary, also digital fabrication, or else many features like high freq/RF can't be tested]
• CH3
  • [remark: The manufacture process, back then only available for mass production now is possible to do it in small scale, so small scale production/prototype doesn't really utilize different tool chain, eg: https://jlcpcb.com/]

Review of HEPA mask by Dr. Jiangmei Wu

• During construction
  • Because of the thickness of HEPA bag
    • Staples could miss half the  clip 
      
    • When cutting, the layer shift could result in, needs good scissor for it
      
  • HEPA bag doesn't react well with scoring with patter as described in document
    • So will need some skill to fold it correctly
    • But geometrically the arcs fit perfectly
• Overall, it's a great design and among the DIY masks, this is among the few design that actually has protection
• Could design a helper structure to speed up the construction

Reading note - Prototype to Product

The book by  focus on intelligent electronic device, Alan Cohen is a manager/system engineer, so the book will lean more towards a birds eye view that links different elements together.

Notes:

• Preface
  • P XI:
    • 95% of new products fail
    • Common mistake: not estimating effort correctly. [Remark: from my experience in both software, hardware it's the very exact things that happends with the scheduling and budgeting]
  • P XII:
    • System engineering is about integration
• CH1
  • P2:
    • Fundamental Principle: surprises only get more expensive if discovered later. Surprises are mostly bad [Remark: somehow look like mutation in DNA most of them are bad, that's why evolution takes aeons]
  • P3: 11 sins indication
    • 1 - Use agile process, test constantly, rather find problems eariler
    • 2,3 - Assumptions are bad, either by us specullating users or users preference
    • 4,5,6,7 - Management issues, need to be structured and address outside constrains
    • 8 - Wanting to add everything is bad [remark1: I actually always see students doing it even in online platform UX design, ending up with a lot of features which may confuse the users] [remark2: Reducing user-friendliness for being extensivly configurable might not be bad if it's not for normal users but for professional tools, eg: audio mixer,pilot's panel, in this case, I do not think this sin is that important as people who need it would adapt and they really need feature rich]
    • 9 - Always being perfectionist is bad
    • 10, 11 - Business strategy side, exit strategy and integration vs enabling technology [remark: for developing technology I think it's only this book's perspective that makes it bad, I do think there's space for technology development, having key technology in hand can raise bar for competetors so I do not think that's such a bad idea]

Study of DIY masks - surgical style

• The easiest to cut pattern for mask is surgical style
  • The material is basically a rectangle, with 3~4 folds
  • Instead of sewing or clipping, a reusable clip simply can be used
  • But note if it needs to be more effective, the top still need a guide bar to fit the nose
    • Usually metal, could it be reused?
• Existing Clips:
  • https://cults3d.com/en/3d-model/fashion/clip-for-face-mask
  • One piece movable https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:330151
• Plan example:
  • Source : https://www.reddit.com/r/coolguides/comments/fkojx9/make_your_own_surgical_mask_one_page_pattern/
    
  • Source: https://kinizamora.com/face-mask-template
    

Study of several DIY masks

• As I still lean towards the unpopular view that mask for everyone is ineffective [1], even the WHO/CDC guideline that wearing mask to prevent transmission to others has preliminary evidence against it [2] . More over, few advocates for mask for all among professionals[3] mistakenly weighs "natural" comparison which has too many variables above controlled experiment.[4] That leads me to believe, if I'd place a bet between them, I would bet 95% that the general public is simply wrong , despite I as a non-health professional also would intuitively think that mask would be effective against respiratory transmittable disease.
• However as Hongkong security guard and bus driver demanding mask of what they think is effective, because I'm not a believer of confronting frontline as they are just following orders as it's neither effective in changing people's mind nor action. If the goal is not to compete with health workers for PPEs and potentially be more environmentally friendly, while being socially acceptable, it makes sense to go with DIY masks, and there are several parameters I'm looking here.
  • Effectiveness is not considered important here as the main goal now is just to blend in society, but will still be considered
  • Ease of construction
  • Reusability
  • Waste produce
• First on material
  • Vacuum bag (HEPA), as vacuum bag has pretty good particle filtering qualities, not as good as N95 but sitll very effective.
    • Can filter 99.97% 0.3micron[5]
    • But hot, have resistance breathing
  • Tissue paper
    • Bio - degradable
    • Can stop large droplet
    • No protection
    • Needs to change more often
  • Cloth
    • No protection
    • Can stop large droplet
    • Reusable ( can be washed )
    • Bio - degradable
• Pattern (All rights belong to the authors)
  • A1 Origami style, easy to construct
    • Design by Dr. Jiangmei Wu: https://research.impact.iu.edu/coronavirus/origami-face-mask-pattern.html
      Use pattern with staples, easy to construct, original material HEPA
      
    • A2 Paper origami, hard: by PaperART 013
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ja79rkcDHf4
      
    • A3 Paper origami, tissue: by Ness _Y
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q20OWV8Oxrk
      
  • Sewed, mainly 3 categories
    • B1 Closely resembles surgical mask, has folds, some with double layers like
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8OyV15ua24 by Hobby Lobby
      
      Or single layered like:
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4boLMM4paQ by NS Creative Collections
      
    • B2 Two pieces
      Symmetrical left right: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6hpzLQTy-SA by Mimi G Style (and many variants)
      
      Updown ( Not cloth, but put in here because of the construction ): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bP1Z3Ks7xA by The Oregonian
      
    • B3 3D mask style
      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RCuL1mX7eg by Thoan Nguyễn Vlogs
      
  • Others:
    • C1 Antex http://www.antexmask.com/20844214963603935338.html 
      
      My version: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4172119
      ( But for this, security guards and bus drivers will intuitively *feel* that is less effective, but given the tests on surgical masks and cotton masks[2], using PC sheet to fully redirect airflow would hypothetically be more effective to protect the others, although I do not have the condition to test it)
    • C2 Tissue clip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqOGlbY3bgM by FreeziMee
      Of course, no protection, but in certain countries, can prevent from getting arrested.
• My speculation:
  • For protection and easy construction, the origami A1 wins, as for B2 style, a lot of sewing work is required, if it's not reusable, of course B2 is good if there's enough labour who actually need to make those masks and donate to health professionals in places where PPE is scarce.
  • For reusablilty, all the cloth ones, B1 and B3 is easier to construct than B2 as there's no middle seam concern for aesthetics.
  • A1 has high reusability and easier to clean than cloth masks (can wipe and spray alcohol), however, can't pass preception test for security and bus drivers.
• So to combine the ease to construct and reusability, it's probably good to 3d print clipping device to save the sewing work of B1/B3
  • For they both only need clips on the side
  • Surgical style seems more easy to pull off
  • 3D mask needs a little more though on the pattern

Appendix:

[1] COMMENTARY: Masks-for-all for COVID-19 not based on sound data; Lisa M Brosseau, ScD, and Margaret Sietsema, PhD , Apr 01, 2020; https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/04/commentary-masks-all-covid-19-not-based-sound-data

[2] Bae S, Kim M, Kim JY, et al. Effectiveness of Surgical and Cotton Masks in Blocking SARS–CoV-2: A Controlled Comparison in 4 Patients. Ann Intern Med. 2020; [Epub ahead of print 6 April 2020]. doi: https://doi.org/10.7326/M20-1342

[3] Masks for all? The science says yes; Professor Trisha Greenhalgh OBE and Jeremy Howard; 13 Apr 2020; https://www.fast.ai/2020/04/13/masks-summary/

[4] @fangshimin ;口罩党最近在疯传这篇文章和这张模拟图，认为全民戴口罩能防止新冠病毒传播已被科学证明了。我看了该文的证据，觉得很可笑。他们承认随机对照实验证明戴口罩没能起到预防传染病作用，但认为“自然实验”证明戴口罩有用，证据是某国全民戴口罩后疫情好转了。他们竟认为有无数变量的“自然实验”胜于对照实验[tweet];Apr 16, 2020;  https://twitter.com/fangshimin/status/1250554893552611328

[5] https://www.abatement.com/learning-center/patient-isolation/facts-about-hepa-filtration/

Bookmark - Prototype to Product

Ref: https://cdn.oreillystatic.com/pdf/Prototype_to_Product.pdf , recommended by Prof. Kun-pyo Lee

First look: approaches it from several aspects, both prototyping and link prototype to manufacturing

Bone Conduction Transducer (Log 00)

• 2 models purchased
• 1 driver board purchased
• The square models similar to the adafruit model
  • https://www.adafruit.com/product/1674
• Mechanical Dimension
  • The squre one same as adafruit model
  • Round one and driver board

  • Round_R: 16.8mm, Round_H: 7.2mm, Driver_W:17.2mm, Driver_H:14.4mm